Desktop:

• sudo apt install nala
• sudo nala install fonts-noto-color-emoji neofetch conky 7zip rclone tree traceroute inkscape netsurf-gtk rpi-imager vlc gparted keepassxc audacious ansiweather w3m lynx psensor code

• sudo nala install flatpak
• flatpak install --user https://flathub.org/beta-repo/appstream/org.gimp.GIMP.flatpakref

• sudo nala install snapd
• snap install core snap-store x16emu

---

Web Server:

• sudo apt install nala
• sudo nala install php certbot neofetch fonts-noto-color-emoji 7zip

Use the following key-presses to open a terminal window

• Crtl + Alt + T

Use the following commands in a terminal window to update Linux to the latest software

• sudo apt update
• sudo apt upgrade

Tidy up install

• sudo apt -y autoremove && sudo apt -y clean && sudo apt -y purge ?config-files

To start Apache, the command would be

• sudo systemctl start apache2

To stop Apache, the command would be

• sudo systemctl stop apache2

To restart the Apache server, issue the command

• sudo service apache2 restart

To edit the config files, use the commands:

• sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default-le-ssl.conf
• sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

Use the following command in a terminal window to clear out all journal files older than 1 day

• sudo journalctl --vacuum-time=1d

Use the following command in a terminal window to clear out all journal files but leave the most recent files upto the specified amount of disk space (##B, ##M, ##G)

• sudo journalctl --vacuum-size=1B

Use the following command in a terminal window to find out the amount of disk space it taken up by journaling

• journalctl --disk-usage

Use the following command in a terminal window to disable journaling

• systemctl disable systemd-journald

Scripts can be placed in the following directory so you don't have to include the full path

• /usr/local/bin

To stop use the following

• sudo systemctl stop NetworkManager.service

To start use the following

• sudo systemctl start NetworkManager.service

To restart use the following

• sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service

Use the following (for Ubuntu 22.04 LTS)

• sudo nano /etc/pulse/default.pa

Find "load-module module-switch-on-connect.so" and comment it out by adding a # to the front of the line

Use the following in terminal to open the settings with the screens unscrambled

• WEBKIT_DISABLE_COMPOSITING_MODE=1 gnome-control-center

Edit config.txt

• sudo nano /boot/firmware/config.sys

Add the following to the end of config.txt

• dtparam=sd_poll_once

Use the following command:

• cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp

Note: The result needs to be divided by 1000 to get the actual temperature in °C

Use the following command:

• gio set file.desktop metadata::trusted true

Copy the *desktop file into the following folder:

• ~\.local\share\applications

Edit the following file:

• sudo nano /boot/firmware/cmdline.txt

Remove the following from the end of the line:

• quiet splash

Backup:

• dd if=/dev/sda of=./part1.image

Restore:

• ddd if=./part1.image of=/dev/sda

Backup:

• cd ~
• sudo dd if=/dev/<drive> | gzip -c - > <name>.img.gz

Where <drive> is the name of the mounted drive ie sde, mmcblk0, etc…

Use the following to edit the settings:

• sudo nano /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults

Some settings under the [org/gnome/desktop/interface] section:

• cursor-size=64
• text-scaling-factor=1.50
• clock-format='12h'

Add the following into the file ~/.config/wayfire.ini at the bottom of the [command] section:

• binding_power = <alt> KEY_F2
• command_power = sh -c "$(zenity --entry --title='Run' --text='Enter Command')"

Use the following command:

• nmtui

Use the following command to create a cron job:

• sudo touch /etc/cron.d/certbot

Use Nano to edit the above file

• sudo nano /etc/cron.d/certbot

Cut & paste the following into nano and save the file

• # /etc/cron.d/certbot: crontab entries for the certbot package
  #
  # Upstream recommends attempting renewal twice a day
  #
  # Eventually, this will be an opportunity to validate certificates
  # haven't been revoked, etc. Renewal will only occur if expiration
  # is within 30 days.
  
  SHELL=/bin/sh
  PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
  
  0 */12 * * * root test -x /usr/bin/certbot -a \! -d /run/systemd/system && perl -e 'sleep int(rand(3600))' && certbot -q renew

Use the following command (change eth0 for the device you're interested in):

• nmcli device show eth0

Use the following command:

• sudo rpi-eeprom-update

Use the following commands:

• sudo apt-mark hold package-name
• sudo apt-mark unhold package-name

or to show packages on hold

• sudo apt-mark showhold

Use the following command to install the app numlockx:

• sudo nala install numlockx